The Treaty of Tlatelolco, finalized in February 1967, created a regional microcosm of a nuclear-weapon-free world. Under the treaty, the states parties agree to prohibit and prevent the "testing, use, manufacture, production or acquisition by any means whatsoever of any nuclear weapons" and the "receipt, storage, installation, deployment and any form of possession of any nuclear weapons." Subject to the provisions of paragraphs 2 and 3 of this article, this Treaty shall enter into force among the States that have ratified it as soon as the following requirements have been met: Deposit of the instruments of ratification of this Treaty with the Depositary Government by the Governments of the States mentioned in article 25 which are in existence on the date when this Treaty is opened for signature and which are not affected by the provisions of article 25, paragraph 2; Signature and ratification of Additional Protocol I annexed to this Treaty by all extracontinental and continental States having de jure or de facto international responsibility for territories situated in the zone of application of the Treaty; Signature and ratification of the Additional Protocol II annexed to this Treaty by all powers possessing nuclear weapons; Conclusion of bilateral agreements on the application of the Safeguards System of the International Atomic Energy Agency in accordance with article 13 of this Treaty. The Treaty of Rarotonga is one of the best improvements since the Tlatelolco Treaty when it comes to preventing the harmful dumping of nuclear waste in the wildlife and the banning of nuclear explosions for peaceful purposes. Treaty of Tlatelolco . The Council shall adopt its own rules of procedure. This Treaty shall not be subject to reservations. The Secretariat shall consist of a General Secretary, who shall be the chief administrative officer of the Agency, and of such staff as the Agency may require. In case the office of General Secretary becomes vacant, a new election shall be held to fill the office for the remainder of the term. Aware that the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons is not an end in itself achieving general and complete disarmament at a later stage. The General Conference convened in special session under this article, may make recommendations to the Contracting Parties and submit reports to the Secretary-General of the United Nations to be transmitted to the Security Council and the General Assembly. This Treaty shall be of a permanent nature and shall remain in force indefinitely, but any Party may denounce it by notifying the General Secretary of the Agency if, in the opinion of the denouncing State, there have arisen or may arise circumstances connected with the content of the Treaty or of the annexed Additional Protocols I and II which affect its supreme interests and the peace and security of one or more Contracting Parties. The Agency shall enjoy all the territory of each of the Contracting Parties such legal capacity and such privileges and immunities as may be necessary for the exercise of its functions and the fulfillment of its purposes. It is overseen by the General Conference, the supreme body of OPANAL which meets every two years, as well as a Council and a Secretariat. The Treaty of Tlatelolco is the conventional name given to the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean.It is embodied in the OPANAL (Spanish language: Organismo para la Proscripción de las Armas Nucleares en la América Latina y el Caribe, English: the Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean). Each Contracting Party shall initiate negotiations within a period of 180 days after the date of the deposit of its instrument of ratification of this Treaty. This landmark treaty led to the establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in Latin America and the Caribbean. Despite such adversity, Tlatelolco is a success. At 125 meters, this is the world's tallest carillon tower. The Contracting Parties shall submit to the Agency and to the International Atomic Energy Agency, for their information, semi-annual reports stating that no activity prohibited under this Treaty has occurred in their respective territories. The Treaty of Tlatelolco, finalized in February 1967, created a regional microcosm of a nuclear-weapon-free world. Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (Tlatelolco Treaty) (Reproduced from United Nations document A/6663) The General Conference shall elect its officers for each session and may establish such subsidiary organs as it deems necessary for the performance of its functions. This Treaty, of which the Spanish, Chinese, English, French, Portuguese and Russian texts are equally authentic, shall be registered by the Depositary Government in accordance with Article 102 of the United Nations Charter. The above requests will be made to the Council through the General Secretary. The place and purpose of the nuclear explosion. All signatory States shall have the imprescriptible right to waive, wholly or in part, the requirements laid down in the preceding paragraph. Outgoing members may not be re-elected for the following period unless the limited number of States for which the Treaty is in force so requires. There are two zones in the Treaty covered by Protocols I and II. Use of Nuclear Energy for Peaceful Purposes. There are hereby established as principal organs of the Agency a General Conference, a Council and a Secretariat. Contracting Parties intending to carry out, or co-operate in the carrying out of such, an explosion shall notify the Agency and the International Atomic Energy Agency, as far in advance as the circumstances require, of the date of the explosion and shall at the same time provide the following information: The nature of the nuclear device and the source from which it was obtained. The headquarters of the Agency shall be in Mexico City. This Protocol shall enter into force, for the States which have ratified it, on the date of the deposit of their respective instruments of ratification. That general and complete disarmament under effective international control is a vital matter which all the peoples of the world equally demand. Recalling that the United Nations General Assembly, in its resolution 808 (IX), adopted unanimously as one of the three points of a co-ordinated programme of disarmament "the total prohibition of the use and manufacture of nuclear weapons and weapons of mass destruction of every type"; Recalling that militarily denuclearized zones are not an end in themselves but rather a means for achieving general and complete disarmament at a later stage. With little fanfare, the Treaty of Tlatelolco opened for signature on February 14, 1967. Done at Mexico, Distrito Federal, on the Fourteenth day of February, one thousand nine hundred and sixty-seven. For the purposes of this Treaty, the Contracting Parties are those for whom the Treaty is in force. Status of … The General Secretary shall immediately communicate such notification to the other Contracting Parties and to the Secretary-General of the United Nations for the information of the Security Council and the General Assembly of the United Nations. In the name of their peoples and faithfully interpreting their desires and aspirations, the Governments of the States which have signed the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America. The Contracting Parties may, if they see fit, request the advice of the Inter-American Nuclear Energy Commission on all technical matters connected with the application of the Treaty with which the Commission is competent to deal under its Statute. The Governments represented by the undersigned Plenipotentiaries also undertake not to use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against the Contracting Parties of the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America. This Treaty, of which the Spanish, Chinese, English, French, Portuguese and Russian texts are equally authentic, shall be registered by the Depositary Government in accordance with article 102 of the United Nations Charter. The status of denuclearization of Latin America in respect of warlike purposes, as defined, delimited and set forth in the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America of which this instrument is an annex, shall be fully respected by the Parties to this Protocol in all its express aims and provisions. The Tlatelolco Treaty has the most advanced and developed organisational framework for the implementation and monitoring of the treaty provisions of all the existing regional NWFZ. The General Secretary shall establish the procedures for distributing to all Contracting Parties information received by the Agency from governmental sources, and such information from non-governmental sources as may be of interest to the Agency. The Nonoalco-Tlatelolco housing project, built in the 1960s, is served by Metro Tlatelolco. The Council shall be so organized as to be able to function contiguously. Shall elect the members of the Council and the General Secretary. The Treaty was amended again in May 1991 to replace paragraph 2 of Article 25. Vienna International Centre, PO Box 100 However, in the first election three will be elected for two years. The General Secretary shall act in that capacity in all meetings of the General Conference and of the Council and shall make an annual report to both bodies on the work of the Agency and any special reports requested by the General Conference or the Council or which the General Secretary may deem desirable. The Latin America Nuclear Weapons Free Zone Treaty (or Treaty of Tlatelolco) prohibits Latin American parties from acquiring or possessing nuclear weapons and storing and deploying weapons from other states on their territory. The Contracting Parties shall simultaneously transmit to the Agency a copy of any report they may submit to the International Atomic Energy Agency which relates to matters that are the subject of this Treaty and to the application of safeguards. The Contracting Parties may accept the collaboration of third parties for the purpose set forth in paragraph 1 of the present article, in accordance with paragraphs 2 and 3 thereof. In witness whereof the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, having deposited their full powers, found in good and due form, sign this Treaty on behalf of their respective Governments. The Working Group used the Treaty of Tlatelolco, Antarctic Treaty, the Seabed Treaty, the PTBT and the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) to guide its work. After the entry into force of the Treaty for all the countries of the zone, the rise of a new power possessing nuclear weapons shall have the effect of suspending the execution of this Treaty for those countries which have ratified it without waiving the requirements of paragraph 1, sub-paragraph (c) of this article, and which request such suspension; the Treaty shall remain suspended until the new power, on its own initiative or upon request by the General Conference, ratifies the annexed Additional Protocol. No editorial comment is implied by the omission of a resource or website. Tlatelolco: regional and universal objectives The Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America, known as the Tlatelolco Treaty, is the first — and up until now the only agreement - establishing a nuclear-weapon-free zone in an important, densely populated region of the earth. That the military denuclearization of vast geographical zones, adopted by the sovereign decision of the States comprised therein, will exercise a beneficial influence on other regions there similar conditions exist. In either case, the meeting will be convoked by the General Secretary. -- The Treaty and its protocols have no effect upon the international status of territorial claims. All 33 countries in … Argentina’s accusations brought controversies over Tlatelolco’s geopolitical demarcation and definition of a nuclear weapon back to the forefront. In such a case, the General Secretary shall take immediate steps to convene the special session requested. Decisions on other matters as well as procedural questions, and also determination of which questions must be decided by a two-thirds majority, shall be taken by a simple majority of the members present and voting. "24 The treaty has also. Convinced that the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America, negotiated and signed in accordance with the recommendations of the General Assembly of the United Nations in resolution 1911 (XVIII) of 27 November 1963, is an important step towards ensuring the non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. Recalling that the Charter of the Organization of American States proclaims that it is an essential purpose of the organization to strengthen the peace and security of the hemisphere. "24 The treaty has also. The Contracting Parties undertake to grant the inspectors carrying out such special inspections full and free access to all places and all information which may be necessary for the performance of their duties and which are directly and intimately connected with the suspicion of violation of this Treaty. Latin American nations drafted the treaty on February 14, 1967 in Tlatelolco, Mexico City, and it went into force on April 22, 1968. Article 2. Provisions The Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America (also known as the Treaty of Tlatelolco) obligates Latin American parties not to acquire or possess nuclear weapons, nor to permit the storage or deployment of nuclear weapons on their territories by other countries. The long-standing Treaty of Tlatelolco in Latin America and the Caribbean is a fitting example. There are two zones in the Treaty covered by Protocols I and II. Shall be the organ competent to authorize the conclusion of agreements with Governments and other international organizations and bodies. Click on the action date to view the details. This Treaty shall be subject to ratification by signatory States in accordance with their respective constitutional procedures. A-1400 Vienna, Austria The hyperlinking of outside resources is not an endorsement by the United Nations of the views expressed therein nor does the United Nations have control over the content or accuracy of information provided. Today, every Latin American nation is a full adherent to the Treaty, as … The Tlatelolco Treaty, which actually antedates the Desiring to contribute, so far as lies in their power, toward ending the armaments race, especially in the field of nuclear weapons, and towards strengthening a world at peace, based on mutual respect and sovereign equality of States. Click Certificate for larger image Authorized for Active Duty and Ready Reserve Service service during the Operation Period. For treaties where the Secretary-General of the United Nations is not the depository, the records in this database rely on information provided to the United Nations by the depository States of those treaties. In addition to the functions conferred upon it by this Treaty and to those which may be assigned to it by the General Conference, the Council shall, through the General Secretary ensure the proper operation of the control system in accordance with the provisions of this Treaty and with the decisions adopted by the General Conference. The Treaty prohibits the testing, use, manufacture, production or acquisition of nuclear weapons. Denunciation of the declaration referred to in Article 28, paragraph 2, shall be subject to the same procedures as the denunciation of the Treaty, except that it shall take effect on the date of delivery of the respective notification. The Tlatelolco Treaty has largely been held as the first successful regional denuclearisation attempt in an uninhabited area, being" an unfailing source of innovative proposals for enriching international law; an effective and appropriate step towards one of humankind's biggest hopes—general and complete disarmament. Article 1. For the purpose of verifying compliance with the obligations entered into by the Contracting Parties in accordance with article 1, a control system shall be established which shall be put into effect in accordance with the provisions of articles 13 - 18 of this Treaty. Article 2. Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean commonly referred to the Treaty of Tlatelolco established a nuclear-free zone throughout Latin America and the Caribbean. The Council shall be composed of five members of the Agency elected by the General Conference from among the Contracting Parties, due account being taken of equitable geographical distribution. Treaty of Tlatelolco S/Inf. First, it bars not just possession of nuclear weapons but deployment of another country's nuclear weapons, as in NATO. In witness whereof the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, having deposited their of powers, found in good and due form, sign this Treaty on behalf of their respective Governments. A treaty may also be known as an international agreement, protocol, covenant, convention, pact, or exchange of letters, among other terms. A building with a facade of white marble was constructed by the government for and used by the Secretariat of Foreign Affairs (SRE). None of the provisions of this Treaty shall be construed as impairing the rights and obligations of the Parties under the Charter of the United Nations or, in the case of States members of the Organization of American States, under existing regional treaties. Treaty of Tlatelolco (With the Amendments adopted by the General Conference Articles 7, 14, 15, 16, 19, 20 and 25) Preamble In the name of their peoples and faithfully interpreting their desires and aspirations, the Governments of the States which sign the Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean; Recognizing the important contribution of the treaties of Tlatelolco, Rarotonga, UN-2. That the foregoing reasons, together with the traditional peace-loving outlook of Latin America, give rise to an inescapable necessity that nuclear energy should be used in that region exclusively for peaceful purposes, and that the Latin American countries should use their right to the greatest and most equitable possible access to this new source of energy in order to expedite the economic and social development of their peoples, That the military denuclearization of Latin America - being understood to mean the undertaking entered into internationally in this Treaty to keep their territories forever free from nuclear weapons - will constitute a measure which will spare their peoples from the squandering of their limited resources on nuclear armaments and will protect them against possible nuclear attacks on their territories, and will also constitute a significant contribution towards preventing the proliferation of nuclear weapons and a powerful factor for general and complete disarmament, and.